Why are electric car names so bad?

Editor's note: This story has been updated to correct the name of the Cadillac Lyriq. The original story from Bloomberg misspelled the name of the vehicle.

The chance to name a new car is precious, a billion-dollar branding exercise with decades of potential staying power.

Many vehicles have names that have been around for 20-plus years -- even when the underlying car has changed.

The Porsche 911 was introduced in 1965, one year after Toyota unveiled its first Corolla. Making its debut in 1934, the Chevrolet Suburban is the oldest badge in U.S.

Over the past few years, this rite has kicked into overdrive. Automakers are racing to electrify their product lines and launching new vehicles at a pace not seen in decades.

Battery-powered driving offers a cleaner, quieter and eventually cheaper way to travel -- an aspirational viewpoint that branding executives must distill into a slew of catchy new car names.

It’s not going great.

Take Toyota. The company has been perfecting battery-assisted vehicles since the late 1990s finally unveiled its first mass-market full-electric car in 2022. Its title? The bZ4X.

The “bZ” stands for “beyond zero” emissions; the 4 refers to its four-wheel drive and X denotes a crossover shape -- all of which is probably lost on the Corolla crowd.

Not to be outdone, Honda announced that its second EV will be known as the e:Ny1, a gamble on the appeal of a colon.

Over at Jaguar, a driver could be forgiven for assuming the brand’s electric option is the E-Pace, but that model has a gasoline engine. The battery-powered Jaguar is the I-Pace.

And no one could fault a VW fan for confusing the core brand’s ID4, a crossover-shaped EV, with the ID Buzz, a recast of the company’s famous van.

“Honestly, a lot of these names are just trying too hard,” says David Placek, founder of Lexicon Branding, which helped name Lucid, the Subaru Outback and the Honda Ridgeline. “Everyone is kind of scrambling.”

Placek says a great product name needs to check three boxes: It has to be memorable, noteworthy and distinctive within its category. It also helps if the moniker is “what we call ‘processing fluent,’ ”

Placek says. “When the mind looks at it and says ‘OK, I can get that.’”

Many new EV names fall short. They either hew too closely to tradition to feel noteworthy or stretch so far for distinction that they are not memorable.

No one’s saying naming a car is easy, or that doing it poorly is unique to EVs (see: the Daihatsu Naked, Ford Probe and Studebaker Dictator).

A car’s name might also matter less to consumers than its price tag, range, features and aesthetic. But as an exercise in marketing, the raft of clunky EV names represents a missed opportunity.

Just look at Tesla: The company might have failed to spell out “SEXY” with its four models as planned -- “Model E” was trademarked by Ford six years before Elon Musk launched his sedan -- but the attempt was as memorable, noteworthy and as distinct as it was juvenile.

In some cases, today’s EV names also highlight a disconnect between R&D and product planning. Nearly every automaker has set an ambitious timeline to completely switch to EVs, but that memo might have been lost on the people naming the Kia EV6, for example, or the GMC Hummer EV. Those labels will not age well.

“They are just dating themselves,” Placek says. “Within five years almost everyone driving a new car will be in an EV or a hybrid.”

There are also the names that metastasize, tacking on letters or becoming less clear as the variants proliferate.

Audi launched its seminal electric vehicle as the “E-tron” -- sensible enough -- but now it has a slew of E-trons, including the original and a (very different) E-tron GT.

Mercedes made a similar hash of it. The company’s EV models include the EQS, EQA, EQB and EQE, as well as the EQS SUV, EQB crossover and EQE crossover. At the very top end, Mercedes also throws an AMG into the mix. No one wants to drive an alphabet salad.

Volvo spinoff Polestar, meanwhile, took the iPhone approach: Its first car (no longer in production) was the 1. Now there is the 2, and 3 is coming soon. The Polestar 12 is going to be bananas.

The best EV names arguably are not acronyms or jumbles of letters; they are fresh and nouny and fun to say.

General Motors took this route with its Chevrolet Bolt and Cadillac Lyriq. Hyundai’s Ioniq clicks nicely. Lucid has its Air, Fisker its Ocean, and Subaru its Solterra.

Then there is Nissan’s Ariya, allegedly a tarting up of the Sanskrit word for noble or admirable. Porsche’s Taycan is a unique choice, but also conjures to mind an elusive jungle beast.

There will be more opportunities to improve upon EV names in the years to come.

Until then, appreciate the Toyota team that pitched “Prius,” which still has a nice ring to it 25 years later. Too bad that team wasn't around to save us from the bZ4X.