After GM settlement, an unsettled feeling

Federal fines of $935 million.

Up to $625 million for victim compensation.

More than $200 million to fix the cars.

And $575 million to settle many, but not all, of the pending lawsuits.

The known financial toll to General Motors for hiding a deadly safety defect now exceeds $2.3 billion, or about $900 per recalled car, on top of whatever GM lost selling them in the first place. It will undoubtedly keep rising for years as the remaining legal issues play out.

"People were hurt and people died in our cars," GM CEO Mary Barra told employees this week as she outlined a $900 million settlement with the U.S. Justice Department. "We accept the penalties being announced today because that's what it means to be held accountable."

But outside GM, there's little feeling the company has been held genuinely accountable for the negligence, inaction and, according to prosecutors, intentional concealment of the ignition-switch flaw now tied to 124 deaths and 275 injuries over more than a decade.

Safety advocate Ralph Nader called GM a "homicidal fugitive from justice." Clarence Ditlow, executive director of the Center for Auto Safety in Washington, wrote in an email: "GM officials walk off scot-free while its customers are six feet under."

Even U.S. Attorney Preet Bharara, who exacted 25 percent less in fines than he collected from Toyota Motor Corp. in a similar settlement last year, sounded displeased with his ability to seek justice given the abundant evidence of wrongdoing.

Corporate "siloing" and the high burden of proof for violations of laws governing the auto industry mean that prosecuting individual executives or other employees is "not as easy as it looks sometimes," Bharara said during a press conference at his offices in New York.

The Justice Department's settlement credits GM for extensive cooperation in Bharara's investigation and for firing "wrongdoers" within the company. Under the deferred-prosecution deal, if GM complies with three years of oversight by an independent monitor, the charges against it -- wire fraud and scheming to conceal information from regulators -- will be dropped.

"We're not done," Bharara said, "and it remains possible that we will charge an individual, but the law doesn't always let us to do what we wish we could."

That explanation doesn't satisfy Renee Trautwein, whose 19-year-old daughter Sarah died after losing control of a 2005 Chevrolet Cobalt in June 2009. "I'm very saddened by this," Trautwein said in an interview shortly after the Justice Department settlement was announced. "A slap on the wrist like this is an insult to us. People knew. They got to retire and have big severance pay and walk away. They never paid for anything that they did."

Kenneth Feinberg, the lawyer GM hired to run its compensation fund, declared Sarah Trautwein to be among those who had died as a result of the defect, a revelation her mother described as "very painful."

"You have to understand, I thought Sarah fell asleep at the wheel. I was very angry at Sarah for that for five years," she said. "I want to see someone pay criminally. We can't just sweep this under the rug."

Last week Barra declined to answer questions about whether the 15 employees she fired in June 2014 should be criminally charged, saying it was a decision for prosecutors. She and product development chief Mark Reuss asserted that GM has learned from the crisis and won't let those lessons fade as time goes by.

"Apologies and accountability won't mean much if we don't change our behavior," Barra said, "and we can be proud that we have."

Barra said she is proud of GM's efforts to "become a better company," including the Speak Up for Safety program that encourages employees to report safety concerns. She said executives are working hard to create a genuine safety-focused culture.

Barra said she couldn't estimate how much liability GM still could face. Bob Hilliard, one of the lead lawyers representing plaintiffs suing GM, said about 370 injury cases and 84 death cases remain after a settlement was reached last week that covered a majority of those pending.

Some cases inevitably will be thrown out, and the liability shield stemming from GM's 2009 bankruptcy could bar other plaintiffs. But some cases have the potential for large verdicts against the automaker if taken to trial. In addition to the death and injury cases, lawyers are seeking up to $10 billion to compensate vehicle owners for lost resale value, an estimate GM has dismissed as invalid.

In addition to the $900 million Justice Department fine last week, GM was assessed a $35 million fine by the Transportation Department in May 2014. The fine was the maximum allowed by law.